Question

Write the structures for all the isomers of the H

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H--C--C--C--C--C⁻
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H
alkyl group.

a)Pentyl: CH₃ - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂⁻
b)Isopentyl: (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₃
c)Neopentyl: (CH₃)₄C
d)Sec-pentyl: CH₃ - CH₂ - CH(CH₃) - CH₃

Answer 1

The isomers of the C5H11 alkyl group include n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, sec-pentyl, and tert-pentyl, each with a unique structure.

Step-by-step explanation:

Isomers of the C5H11 Alkyl Group

The question asks to write the structures for all the isomers of the C5H11 alkyl group. Isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structures. For the C5H11 alkyl group, which is derived from pentane (C5H12), there are several structural isomers. Here are the isomers:

n-Pentyl (also known as pentyl): CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2−

Isopentyl (also known as isoamyl): (CH3)2CH-CH2-CH2−

Neopentyl: CH3-C(CH3)2-CH2−

Sec-pentyl (also known as 2-pentyl): CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2−

Tert-pentyl (also known as 2-methylbutyl): (CH3)3C-CH2−

Each of these isomers has a unique structure and may have different physical and chemical properties.

Additional Notes on Nomenclature

The prefix n- denotes a straight-chain alkyl group, iso- indicates a branch at the end of the chain, sec- (secondary) indicates a branching off the second carbon from the end, and tert- (tertiary) denotes a branching at the third carbon from the end. These names help distinguish between the different structural isomers.