Final answer:
H2O has a bent structure, CO2 has a linear structure, NH3 has a trigonal pyramidal structure, and CH4 has a tetrahedral structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. H2O has a bent molecular structure. This means that the two hydrogen atoms are bonded to the oxygen atom with an angle of approximately 104.5 degrees. The Lewis structure of H2O consists of two bonding pairs and two lone pairs of electrons.
b. CO2 has a linear molecular structure. This means that the two oxygen atoms are bonded to the carbon atom in a straight line, with a bond angle of 180 degrees. The Lewis structure of CO2 consists of two double bonds between the carbon and oxygen atoms.
c. NH3 has a trigonal pyramidal molecular structure. This means that the three hydrogen atoms are bonded to the nitrogen atom, creating a pyramid shape, with a bond angle of approximately 107 degrees. The Lewis structure of NH3 consists of three bonding pairs and one lone pair of electrons.
d. CH4 has a tetrahedral molecular structure. This means that the four hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atom, creating a tetrahedron shape, with a bond angle of approximately 109.5 degrees. The Lewis structure of CH4 consists of four single bonds between the carbon and hydrogen atoms.