Final answer:
From the reaction of 3.0 g of hydrogen gas and 3.0 g of nitrogen gas, approximately 3.638 g of ammonia will be produced. After rounding, the closest answer from the given options is 4 g of ammonia. So, the correct answer is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reaction of hydrogen gas (H2) and nitrogen gas (N2) to produce ammonia (NH3) is represented by the balanced chemical equation N2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g). To determine how many grams of ammonia will be produced from the reaction of 3.0 g of H2 and 3.0 g of N2, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant, find the limiting reactant, and then use stoichiometry to find the mass of the product formed.
The molar masses are approximately 28 g/mol for N2 and 2 g/mol for H2. For nitrogen, 3.0 g divided by 28 g/mol gives approximately 0.107 moles. For hydrogen, 3.0 g divided by 2 g/mol gives 1.5 moles. Since the reaction requires 3 times as many moles of hydrogen compared to nitrogen, nitrogen is the limiting reactant. According to the stoichiometry of the balanced equation, 1 mole of N2 will produce 2 moles of NH3. Thus, 0.107 moles of N2 will produce 0.214 moles of NH3. Finally, the molar mass of NH3 is 17 g/mol, so 0.214 moles of NH3 will produce 0.214 moles × 17 g/mol = 3.638 g of NH3
So, the reaction of 3.0 g H2 and 3.0 g N2 will produce approximately 3.638 g of ammonia, which rounds to 4 g when considering significant figures and the provided answer options.