Question

Bacteria move back and forth by using their flagella (structures that look like little tails). Speeds of up to 50 μm/s(50×10−6m/s) have been observed. The total distance traveled by a bacterium is large for its size, while its displacement is small. Why is this?

a) Bacteria exhibit constant speed and displacement.

b) Bacteria change direction frequently, covering more distance.

c) Bacteria have negligible displacement due to random movement.

d) Bacteria move in straight lines, minimizing displacement.

Answer 1

Bacteria change direction frequently, covering more distance in their random movement due to various environmental signals. The length of runs and tumbles of the flagella determines the direction and speed of movement.

Step-by-step explanation:

The small displacement of bacteria compared to the large distance traveled is due to their random movement. Bacteria change direction frequently, covering more distance in their exploration of their environment. This random movement is caused by the bacteria's response to various environmental signals, such as light, magnetic fields, and chemical gradients. The length of runs and tumbles of the flagella determines the direction and speed of movement.