Final answer:
Using the formula τ = R × C and given values, the maximum capacitance for the ECG circuit with an RC time constant less than 100 microseconds and a resistance of 0.95 kΩ is found to be less than 105.26 nF. Therefore, the maximum standard capacitance available should be 100 nF, which corresponds to the answer option of 100 μF.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the maximum capacitance of an ECG circuit to have an RC time constant less than 100 microseconds (1.00 × 10^2 μs), we can use the formula for the RC time constant τ (tau), which is τ = R × C, where R is the resistance and C is the capacitance. Given that the resistance R is 0.95 kΩ, and the desired time constant τ is less than 100 μs, we can solve for C.
The calculation is as follows:
- τ < R × C
- 100 μs < 0.95 kΩ × C
- 100 μs < 950 Ω × C
- C < 100 μs / 950 Ω
- C < 0.1052632 μF or 105.26 nF
Therefore, the maximum capacitance of the circuit must be less than 105.26 nF. The closest available standard capacitance value that is also less than that is 100 nF, which corresponds to answer option (d) 100 μF.