Question

What is the terminal voltage of a large 1.54-V carbon-zinc dry cell used in a physics lab to supply 2.00 A to a circuit, with an internal resistance of 0.100 Ω?

(a) 1.54 V
(b) 1.440 V
(c) 1.320 V
(d) 1.210 V

Answer 1

The terminal voltage of a 1.54-V carbon-zinc dry cell with an internal resistance of 0.100 Ω supplying 2.00 A to a circuit is 1.34 V. This is calculated by subtracting the voltage drop across the internal resistance from the EMF of the cell, resulting in the correct option (c) 1.320 V.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question addresses a common scenario in physics related to batteries and circuits. Specifically, it is asking about the terminal voltage of a dry cell when it is powering a circuit.

To find the terminal voltage, you use the formula:

V = EMF - Ir

Where:

• EMF is the electromotive force or the nominal voltage of the battery, which is 1.54 V.
• I is the current in the circuit, which is 2.00 A.
• r is the internal resistance of the battery, which is 0.100 Ω.

Plugging in the values, we get:

V = 1.54 V - (2.00 A)(0.100 Ω)
V = 1.54 V - 0.200 V
V = 1.34 V

The terminal voltage of the dry cell when supplying 2.00 A to a circuit with 0.100 Ω internal resistance is 1.34 V, which corresponds to option (c) 1.320 V.