Final answer:
Jericho and Çatalhöyük show characteristics of advanced urban planning and social structures, including organized labor, religious practices, and evidence of food surpluses that facilitated the development of specialized roles within the society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The artifacts and archaeological finds from Jericho and Çatalhöyük provide evidence of sophisticated early urban environments. These settlements exhibit signs of advanced urban planning and social structures, as indicated by the architectural designs and religiously significant artifacts discovered by archaeologists. For instance, Jericho had walls and a tower, possibly used as an observatory, suggesting some form of government and communal labor organization. Similarly, at Çatalhöyük, the presence of decorated rooms, art, and evidence of bull sacrifices points towards a complex society with religious specialists and artisans.
The Neolithic revolution, which saw the adoption of agriculture and domestication of animals, led to food surpluses and social stratification. Such developments supported the growth of these early cities and allowed for specialization in crafts and religious practices, ultimately leading to the creation of intricate social and urban structures within these communities.