Final answer:
The Judeans were exiled and taken captive by the Neo-Babylonians in the early sixth century BCE. They were eventually allowed to return to Judah and began rebuilding their city.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the Judeans were attacked by the Neo-Babylonians in the early sixth century BCE, they were exiled and deported to Babylon.
The Babylonian exile, also known as the 'Babylonian Captivity,' involved the burning of Jerusalem and the destruction of Solomon's Temple. Tens of thousands of Judeans were taken captive and transported to Babylon as slaves.
However, with the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire to the Persians, the enslaved Judeans were eventually permitted to return to Judah, where they began the process of reconstruction and rebuilding, including the reconstruction of Yahweh's temple in Jerusalem.