Question

10-6. Here is some physical data for bromine, Br2: melting point = –7.3 C specific heat of solid = 0.76 J/g·C boiling point = 58.8 C specific heat of liquid = 0.47 J/g·C heat of fusion = 10.7 kJ/mol specific heat of vapor = 0.25 J/g·C heat of vaporization = 30.8 kJ/mol molar mass = 159.80 g/mol Heat is added to a 315 gram sample of bromine as it goes from 4.0 C to 96.0 C. a. What physical state is the sample at the start of this process, at 4.0 C

Answer 1

At 4.0 °C, the bromine sample is in the solid state, given its melting point of -7.3 °C. Transitioning through solid-to-liquid and liquid-to-gas phases during heating requires considering specific heats, heat of fusion, and heat of vaporization.

At 4.0 °C, the sample of bromine is in the solid state because it is below its melting point of -7.3 °C. The specific heat of solid bromine is given as 0.76 J/g·°C, indicating the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of solid bromine by 1 °C.

During the heating process from 4.0 °C to 96.0 °C, the bromine will undergo both the solid-to-liquid phase transition and the liquid-to-gas phase transition. The specific heat values for solid and liquid bromine, as well as the heat of fusion and heat of vaporization, will be involved in calculating the total heat added to the sample as it undergoes these changes.