Question

Calcium cyclamate Ca(C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂ is an artificial sweetener used in many countries around the world but is banned in the United States. It can be purified industrially by converting it to the barium salt through the reaction of the acid C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H with barium carbonate, treatment with sulfuric acid (barium sulfate is very insoluble), and then neutralization with calcium hydroxide. Write the balanced equations for these reactions.

a) 2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H + BaCO₃ → (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + CO₂ + H₂O, (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H
b) C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H + BaCO₃ → (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + CO₂ + H₂O, (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H
c) 2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H + BaCO₃ → (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + CO₂ + H₂O, (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H
d) C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H + BaCO₃ → (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + CO₂ + H₂O, (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H

Answer 1

To purify calcium cyclamate, it is first converted to a barium salt by reacting with barium carbonate, then the barium salt is treated with sulfuric acid, and finally, calcium cyclamate is obtained by neutralization with calcium hydroxide.

Step-by-step explanation:

To purify calcium cyclamate industrially, a multi-step reaction is used involving barium carbonate, sulfuric acid, and calcium hydroxide. The first reaction involves the cyclamic acid reacting with barium carbonate to form barium cyclamate and releasing carbon dioxide and water:

2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H + BaCO₃ → (C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + CO₂ + H₂O

The second step involves treating the formed barium cyclamate with sulfuric acid to produce insoluble barium sulfate and recovering the cyclamic acid:

(C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂Ba + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H

Finally, the cyclamic acid is neutralized with calcium hydroxide to obtain the desired calcium cyclamate:

2C₆H₁₁NHSO₃H + Ca(OH)₂ → Ca(C₆H₁₁NHSO₃)₂ + 2H₂O