Final answer:
Option (a) accurately defines each term: neutron (neutral particle in the nucleus), nucleon (particle in the nucleus), nucleus (central part of an atom), nuclide (nucleus with specific protons and neutrons), and neutrino (neutral particle in weak interactions).
Therefore, the answer to the question is option (a).
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct distinctions between the terms neutron, nucleon, nucleus, nuclide, and neutrino are provided in option (a). Let's clarify these terms:
- Neutron: A neutral subatomic particle found within the nucleus of an atom.
- Nucleon: A general term for any particle found in the nucleus of an atom, including both protons and neutrons.
- Nucleus: The central part of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons bound together, and where most of an atom's mass is concentrated.
- Nuclide: A specific type of atom's nucleus characterized by a certain number of protons and neutrons.
- Neutrino: An electrically neutral, weakly interacting elementary subatomic particle that is involved in certain types of nuclear reactions, such as beta decay.
Therefore, the answer to the question is option (a).