Final answer:
Karl Marx's solution to the problems of industrialization and urbanization was through a worker revolution to replace capitalism with socialism, eventually leading to a classless, communist society.
Step-by-step explanation:
Karl Marx believed that the social problems caused by industrialization and urbanization should be addressed through worker revolution. Marx held that capitalism was inherently flawed, leading to exploitation and class struggles. He envisioned a society where the proletariat, or working class, would rise up against the bourgeoisie, the capitalist class who owned the means of production, to establish a socialist state. Ultimately, this proletarian revolution would lead to the development of a communist society where the means of production were owned collectively by the people, eliminating class distinctions and the issues related to them.
Marx's theories greatly influenced various labor movements and inspired socialist revolutions in several countries, although the outcomes of these revolutions differed from his predictions. The Marxist expectation was for these uprisings to bring about a society with economic and political equality, which in many instances, did not align with the realities experienced post-revolution.