Final answer:
The Indian New Deal focused on tribal autonomy and cultural preservation, reversing previous assimilation policies by granting communal land ownership, reducing assimilation-focused boarding schools, and permitting tribal self-governance through elected councils.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major goals and accomplishments of the Indian New Deal, specifically through the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, were aimed at reversing the policies of assimilation to promote tribal autonomy and cultural preservation. This legislation effectively ended the division of Native American lands into individual allotments as set forth by the Dawes Act. Instead, it returned lands to communal tribal ownership and promoted economic self-sufficiency. Culturally, it decreased the number of boarding schools that sought to assimilate Native American children and allowed for education on reservations. Politically, the Act granted tribes the right to elect tribal councils to govern their reservations, acknowledging and fostering Native sovereignty.