Question

Use valence bond theory to explain the bonding in F2, HF, and ClBr. Sketch the overlap of the atomic orbitals involved in the bonds.

a) F₂: σ bond - head-on overlap of 2p orbitals; HF: σ bond - head-on overlap of 1s and 2p orbitals; ClBr: σ bond - head-on overlap of 3p orbitals.
b) F₂: σ bond - head-on overlap of 2p orbitals; HF: σ bond - head-on overlap of 1s and 2p orbitals; ClBr: π bond - sideways overlap of 3p orbitals.
c) F₂: π bond - sideways overlap of 2p orbitals; HF: σ bond - head-on overlap of 1s and 2p orbitals; ClBr: σ bond - head-on overlap of 3p orbitals.
d) F₂: π bond - sideways overlap of 2p orbitals; HF: π bond - sideways overlap of 1s and 2p orbitals; ClBr: π bond - sideways overlap of 3p orbitals.

Answer 1

Valence bond theory explains the bonding in F2, HF, and ClBr. The overlap of atomic orbitals involved in the bonds are explained using the theory.

Step-by-step explanation:

In valence bond theory, bonds are formed from the overlapping of two atomic orbitals on different atoms. The type of bond formed depends on the type of overlap that occurs. For F₂, the bonding involves a σ bond formed from the head-on overlap of 2p orbitals. For HF, a σ bond is formed from the head-on overlap of a 1s orbital from hydrogen and a 2p orbital from fluorine. And for ClBr, a σ bond is formed from the head-on overlap of 3p orbitals from both atoms.

The correct answer is: a) F₂: σ bond - head-on overlap of 2p orbitals; HF: σ bond - head-on overlap of 1s and 2p orbitals; ClBr: σ bond - head-on overlap of 3p orbitals.