Final answer:
To calculate the formula mass of each compound, you need to multiply the atomic masses of each element by the number of atoms in the compound and sum them.
Step-by-step explanation:
Let's calculate the formula mass of each compound:
(a) P₄: We have 4 phosphorus atoms, so the formula mass is 4 x atomic mass of phosphorus.
(b) H₂O: We have 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom, so the formula mass is 2 x atomic mass of hydrogen + atomic mass of oxygen.
(c) Ca(NO₃)₂: We have 1 calcium atom, 2 nitrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms, so the formula mass is atomic mass of calcium + 2 x atomic mass of nitrogen + 6 x atomic mass of oxygen.
(d) CH₃CO₂H: We have 2 carbon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms, so the formula mass is 2 x atomic mass of carbon + 4 x atomic mass of hydrogen + 2 x atomic mass of oxygen.
(e) C12H₂₂O11: We have 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms, and 11 oxygen atoms, so the formula mass is 12 x atomic mass of carbon + 22 x atomic mass of hydrogen + 11 x atomic mass of oxygen.