Final answer:
The electron configurations for the monatomic ions formed from sodium, chlorine, magnesium, and potassium are provided.
Step-by-step explanation:
Electron configuration for the monatomic ions formed from the following elements:
a) Sodium: Sodium atom has the electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1. When it forms an ion, it loses one electron to have a stable octet. So, the electron configuration of the sodium ion (Na+) is 1s2 2s2 2p6.
b) Chlorine: Chlorine atom has the electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5. When it forms an ion, it gains one electron to complete its octet. So, the electron configuration of the chloride ion (Cl-) is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6.
c) Magnesium: Magnesium atom has the electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2. When it forms an ion, it loses two electrons to achieve a stable octet. So, the electron configuration of the magnesium ion (Mg2+) is 1s2 2s2 2p6.
d) Potassium: Potassium atom has the electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1. When it forms an ion, it loses one electron to have a stable octet. So, the electron configuration of the potassium ion (K+) is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6.