Question

Can the validity of a model be limited or must it be universally valid? How does this compare with the required validity of a theory or a law?

(a) Yes, the validity of a model can be limited to specific conditions.
(b) No, the validity of a model must be universally applicable.
(c) Only laws require universal validity, not models.
(d) Models and theories have the same requirements for validity.

Answer 1

The validity of a model is limited to particular conditions, unlike theories and laws, which have broader validity but can still be revised with new evidence.

Step-by-step explanation:

The validity of a model can indeed be limited and does not have to be universally valid. Models are often developed to represent specific phenomena under certain conditions and may not apply universally. This is in contrast to theories and laws, which generally have a broader scope of validity.

While theories are well-substantiated explanations of some aspect of the natural world, laws describe universal relationships that hold under the specified conditions of their formulation. It's important to note that both theories and laws can change or be refined over time with new evidence and experimentation. The ultimate validity of models, theories, and laws in science is determined by how well they predict and describe observations and results from experiments. If experiments contradict a well-established theory or law, then that theory or law must be reassessed and potentially revised.