Final answer:
To calculate the moles and atoms of sodium in the RDA for sodium, we first determine the total amount of sodium recommended which is 2454.545 mg.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many moles and atoms of sodium are in the recommended daily allowance (RDA) based on the information provided, we'll need to work through a couple of calculations. The 55-gram serving of the cereal supplies 270 mg of sodium, which is 11% of the RDA. To find the total amount of sodium in the RDA, we calculate:
RDA for sodium = (270 mg) / (11%)
= (270 mg) / (0.11)
= 2454.545 mg
This is the total amount of sodium recommended daily. Now to find the number of moles, we use the molar mass of sodium (Na), which is approximately 22.99 g/mol. However, we should convert the mass of sodium from milligrams to grams first:
RDA for sodium in grams = 2454.545 mg × (1 g / 1000 mg)
= 2.454545 g
Now, we calculate the moles of sodium:
Moles of sodium = (mass of sodium) / (molar mass of sodium)
= (2.454545 g) / (22.99 g/mol)
= 0.106788 mol ≈ 1.07 × 10^(-1) mol
To find the number of atoms, we use Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 × 10^(23) atoms/mol. We multiply the moles of sodium by Avogadro's number:
Atoms of sodium = (moles of sodium) × (Avogadro's number)
= (1.07 × 10^(-1) mol) × (6.022 × 10^(23) atoms/mol)
= 6.45 × 10^(22) atoms
Therefore, none of the provided answer options (a through d) correctly states the moles and atoms of sodium in the recommended daily allowance.