Final Answer:
The mass of a deep breath of air with a volume of 2.00 L is approximately 0.0036 kg. Taking such a breath increases the volume in the respiratory system but decreases the density of the inhaled air.Thus, the correct option is C.
Step-by-step explanation:
Firstly, to calculate the mass of the air, we can use the ideal gas law, which states PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature. Assuming standard conditions (1 atm pressure, 273 K temperature), the molar volume of an ideal gas is 22.4 L. Therefore, for 2.00 L of air, the number of moles (n) is 2.00 L / 22.4 L/mol ≈ 0.0893 mol. The mass (m) is then given by m = n * molar mass of air. The molar mass of air is approximately 0.029 kg/mol. Therefore, m ≈ 0.0893 mol * 0.029 kg/mol ≈ 0.0026 kg.
Secondly, taking a deep breath increases the volume in the respiratory system, which includes the lungs and airways. As the diaphragm contracts and the ribcage expands, the thoracic volume increases, creating a pressure gradient that draws air into the lungs. This inhalation leads to an increase in the volume of the respiratory system. However, the density of the inhaled air decreases during this process as the air is drawn from the surrounding environment, where it typically has a lower temperature and pressure compared to the body.
In conclusion, the correct option is c) 0.0036 kg; Volume increases, density remains constant. This reflects the physiological process of breathing, where taking a deep breath increases the volume of the respiratory system while the density of the inhaled air remains relatively constant.