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Find the center of mass of a rectangular material of length a and width b made up of a material of nonuniform density. The density is such that when the rectangle is placed in the xy-plane, the density is given by rho(x,y)=rho0xy.

a) (a/2, b/2)
b) (a/3, b/3)
c) (a/4, b/4)
d) (a, b/2)

User Lukyer
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

To find the center of mass of a rectangular object with a non-uniform density ρ(x, y) = ρ0xy, we integrate to find both the total mass and the first moments about the x and y axes. The x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the center of mass are found to be a/3 and b/3, respectively, making the correct answer (b) (a/3, b/3).

Step-by-step explanation:

The question is asking for the center of mass of a rectangular object with non-uniform density ρ(x, y) = ρ0xy when placed in the xy-plane. To find the center of mass, we use the formulas for the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the center of mass, which are given by:

\[\bar{x} = \frac{\int{xdm}}{M}\]

\[\bar{y} = \frac{\int{ydm}}{M}\]

Here, dm = ρ(x, y) dA is the infinitesimal mass element where dA is the differential area element and M is the total mass of the rectangle. The density function ρ(x, y) = ρ0xy suggests that the mass varies linearly along both the x and y axes.

Let's calculate the total mass M first:

\[M = \int_0^b{\int_0^a{ρ0xy dxdy}}\]

\[M = ρ0 \cdot \left(\frac{a^2}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{b^2}{2}\right)\]

Then, the x-coordinate of the center of mass will be:

\[\bar{x} = \frac{1}{M} \int_0^b{\int_0^a{x ρ0xy dxdy}}\]

\[\bar{x} = \frac{1}{M} ρ0 \cdot \left(\frac{a^3}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{b^2}{2}\right)\]

\[\bar{x} = \frac {a}{3}\]

Similarly, for y-coordinate of the center of mass:

\[\bar{y} = \frac{1}{M} \int_0^b{\int_0^a{y ρ0xy dxdy}}\]

\[\bar{y} = \frac{1}{M} ρ0 \cdot \left(\frac{a^2}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{b^3}{3}\right)\]

\[\bar{y} = \frac{b}{3}\]

Therefore, the correct answer is (b) (a/3, b/3).

User Tommie
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