Final answer:
Encoding is the process of translating a message into symbols and language that a receiver can understand, whereas decoding is when the receiver interprets the message.
Step-by-step explanation:
Translating a message into symbols and language that a receiver can understand is referred to as encoding. This is the process where the sender converts their thoughts or information into a message, which could include words, symbols, or other forms of data. In contrast, decoding is the process where the receiver interprets the message sent by the sender. Encryption is the act of converting information or data into a code, especially to prevent unauthorized access. Compression is the process of reducing the size of data to save storage space or transmission time.