Final answer:
The storage capacity of a battery is measured in Ampere-hours (Ah) or milliampere-hours (mAh), representing the charge capacity, which can be converted to energy content in Watt-hours (Wh) when multiplied by the voltage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The unit of measurement used to describe the storage capacity of a battery is Ampere-hours (Ah) or milliampere-hours (mAh). Ampere-hours correspond to the charge capacity of the battery, which, when multiplied by the voltage of the battery, yields the energy content in Watt-hours (Wh). This is important because it gives us the total energy a battery can deliver over time. For example, a standard AA battery cell with a charge rating of 2.5 Ah operating at about 1.5 V would have an energy content of 3.75 Wh, which is equivalent to 13.5 kJ of energy. Furthermore, battery energy density, often measured in kWh/kg, is critical when comparing batteries to other energy sources such as gasoline.