Final answer:
The character theory of ethics, or virtue ethics, posits that ethical behavior stems from a person's character. It differs from consequentialist and deontological theories by focusing on the development of virtuous character traits as the basis for moral action.
Step-by-step explanation:
Character Theory of Ethics
The character theory of ethics, also known as virtue ethics, emphasizes the importance of moral character and virtues in ethical decision-making. Unlike consequentialism, which focuses on the results of a behavior, and deontology, which concentrates on the action in accordance with duty or moral rules, virtue ethics argues that right action flows from right character. Practitioners of virtue ethics believe that by cultivating good character traits and engaging in self-reflection and self-perfection, one becomes a good person. Therefore, in answer to the student's question, virtue ethics or the character theory of ethics suggests that moral behavior is a function of the agent's character rather than the action, intent, or results.
In essence, character is at the core of ethical behavior in virtue ethics. This approach can be traced back to ancient philosophies such as Confucianism, where the development of individual character is central to achieving an ethical society. Moreover, care ethics is an approach that combines elements of virtue ethics, emphasizing the importance of caring and empathetic relationships in moral deliberation.