Final answer:
Oxidative phosphorylation is the key metabolic process that provides ATP, the energy required for an organism's growth and maintenance. So , correct option is (D).
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of reaction that allows chemicals to be available for an organism's growth and maintenance in a timely manner is oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic process that generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is essential for energizing various cellular activities. This process involves a series of redox reactions where electrons are transferred through a chain of proteins within the mitochondria, ultimately leading to the reduction of oxygen and synthesis of ATP. It is the final stage of cellular respiration and happens after the Krebs cycle.
Oxidative phosphorylation is the type of reaction that allows chemicals to be available for an organism's growth and maintenance in a timely manner. It is a process that occurs in the mitochondria of cells and is essential for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy currency of cells. During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred along a series of proteins in the electron transport chain, and this transfer of electrons is coupled with the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. This process harnesses the energy from the electron transfer to produce ATP, which can then be used by the organism for its various metabolic processes.
Oxidative phosphorylation is much more efficient than glycolysis alone, which can occur in the absence of oxygen. This efficiency is crucial for supporting the energy demands necessary for an organism's growth and the constant maintenance of its tissues and systems. In essence, oxidative phosphorylation ensures that energy is sustainably supplied, allowing organisms to function effectively in their habitats.