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What are the four types and functions of RNA?

a) mRNA - carries genetic code; tRNA - translates mRNA; rRNA - synthesizes proteins; snRNA - splices mRNA
b) mRNA - synthesizes proteins; tRNA - carries amino acids; rRNA - translates mRNA; snRNA - splices RNA
c) mRNA - carries genetic code; tRNA - carries amino acids; rRNA - synthesizes proteins; snRNA - splices RNA
d) mRNA - translates DNA; tRNA - carries genetic code; rRNA - synthesizes lipids; snRNA - splices mRNA

User Shoshanah
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Final answer:

The four key types of RNA are mRNA, which carries the genetic code; tRNA, which transports amino acids; rRNA, which is part of the protein synthesis machinery in ribosomes; and snRNA, which is involved in splicing mRNA to ensure correct mRNA processing.

Step-by-step explanation:

Types and Functions of RNA

There are four types of RNA, each with its own function in the cell:

  • messenger RNA (mRNA) - Carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are synthesized.
  • transfer RNA (tRNA) - Carries amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins.
  • ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - Together with proteins, makes up the ribosomes where proteins are synthesized.
  • small nuclear RNA (snRNA) - Involved in the splicing of mRNA, a process necessary to remove introns and join exons to generate a mature mRNA transcript.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is c) mRNA - carries genetic code; tRNA - carries amino acids; rRNA - synthesizes proteins; snRNA - splices RNA. This choice aligns with the recognized roles each type of RNA plays within the cell for gene expression and protein synthesis.

User Beller
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