Final answer:
A light microscope is most suitable for observing living cells in their natural state, with the use of special stains to increase visibility of cell components, although staining commonly results in cell death. Higher resolution microscopes such as SEM or TEM are preferred for detailed structural analysis of cell components. Hence, option (b) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of a light microscope would be ideal for observing living cells in their natural environment. Unlike other microscopy techniques, a light microscope allows for the visualization of small living cells which, when stained, become more easily distinguishable. However, it is important to note that staining usually kills the cells. Since individual components of cells are generally transparent, special stains are necessary to make these components visible under a light microscope.
When viewing a specimen through a light microscope, scientists commonly use special stains as a method to make it easier to see individual components of cells, as opposed to using a beam of electrons, high temperatures, or radioactive isotopes.
For viewing very small surface structures of a cell or thick structures such as biofilms, other types of microscopes such as scanning electron microscopes (SEM), transmission electron microscopes (TEM), or confocal scanning laser microscopes might be more appropriate due to their higher resolution capacities.