Final answer:
Proxy voting is when a shareholder delegates their voting power to another person to vote on their behalf, usually during a company's shareholder meeting.
Step-by-step explanation:
Proxy voting occurs when a shareholder gives someone else the authority to vote on her behalf. The correct answer is a) Proxy. This method allows shareholders to vote without being physically present at the meeting. It's particularly useful for those who have invested in companies but cannot attend the shareholder meetings. To facilitate this process, shareholders receive a proxy card on which they can select how their votes should be cast and appoint a designated proxy to vote according to their instructions. This mechanism ensures that all shareholders' interests are represented.