Final answer:
An animal cell has a 'cell membrane' as its outer envelope, while a plant cell includes an additional 'cell wall' for structure and also contains 'chloroplasts' for photosynthesis, features that are not present in animal cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
An animal cell has a cell membrane as its outermost shell, and a plant cell has a cell wall. More specifically, animal cells have a flexible plasma membrane that encloses the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Conversely, plant cells have a rigid cell wall that is additional to the plasma membrane, providing extra structure and support for the plant. Plant cells also contain chloroplasts which enable photosynthesis, a process that is not found in animal cells. Additionally, animal cells contain centrosomes with centrioles, while these structures are not present in plant cells. Conversely, plant cells often feature a large central vacuole for storage and maintaining cell rigidity, structures typically absent in animal cells.