Final answer:
The Industrial Revolution happened in the Modern Era, particularly during the 18th and 19th centuries, revolutionizing society with technological and industrial advancements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Industrial Revolution occurred in the Modern Era, significantly transforming society with advancements in technology, industry, and engineering. This period, which primarily spanned the 18th and 19th centuries, created a divide between Western Europe/America and the rest of the world due to increased industrial output, the emergence of the middle class, and advancements in living standards. The Industrial Revolution was characterized by the replacement of manual labor with machine power, leading to unprecedented productivity and fostering socio-economic changes.