Final answer:
The attraction that draws physical bodies toward one another is the gravitational force, which is a real force acting between all masses and proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Step-by-step explanation:
The attraction that draws physical bodies toward each other with a force proportional to their masses is known as the gravitational force. This fundamental force of nature is what keeps our planets in orbit around the sun, causes an apple to fall from a tree, and governs the structure of galaxies. Unlike centrifugal force, which is a fictitious force experienced in a rotating frame of reference, gravitational attraction is a real and measurable force that acts between all masses. The law of universal gravitation states that the gravitational force between two masses is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is b) Gravitational force.