The most challenging issue facing genome sequencing is the ethical concerns related to genetic discrimination, privacy, and governance of genetic information, necessitating ongoing societal and legal discussions to ensure individual rights are protected.
The most challenging issue facing genome sequencing is the ethical concerns surrounding the use of information from genomes at the individual level. Although technological advancements have enabled the sequencing of an individual's genome, this capability raises complex ethical questions. Concerns include potential genetic discrimination, privacy issues, and the proper use and governance of genetic data. The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) was enacted to protect against health insurance and employment discrimination based on one's genetic information. However, it does not extend to life, disability, or long-term care insurance, leaving gaps in protection. The ethical implications of genome sequencing necessitate ongoing societal discussions to use genomic data for improving healthcare while safeguarding individual rights.