Final answer:
Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels, involving processes such as RNA splicing, stability, and protein modification.
Step-by-step explanation:
Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at multiple levels, including transcription, translation, post-transcriptional, and post-translational stages. During the transcriptional stage, the DNA sequence of a gene is transcribed into RNA.
Post-transcriptional control involves processes such as RNA splicing, RNA stability, and nuclear shuttling of RNA. These processes determine how RNA transcripts are modified, processed, and transported within the cell before being translated.
The translational stage involves the decoding of the mRNA to build protein molecules, which is another point at which gene expression can be regulated. Finally, post-translational control refers to the regulation of gene expression after a protein has been created, which can involve modifications that affect the protein’s activity, localization, or stability.