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If two household lightbulbs rated 60 W and 100 W are connected in series to household power, which will be brighter? Explain.

a) The 60 W bulb, because it has lower resistance.

b) The 100 W bulb, because it has higher resistance.

c) Both will have the same brightness.

d) Cannot be determined without additional information.

User Darwayne
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

In a series circuit, the 60 W bulb will be brighter than the 100 W bulb because it has a lower resistance, allowing it to dissipate more power at the same current, which is limited by the bulb with the higher resistance, in this case, the 100 W bulb.

Step-by-step explanation:

When two household lightbulbs with different power ratings, 60 W and 100 W, are connected in series to household power, the 60 W bulb will be brighter. This is because, under a series connection, the same current flows through both bulbs. The power rating of a bulb, when connected in a standard parallel circuit in a household (at a fixed voltage), indicates how much current it draws: a 60 W bulb draws more current than a 100 W bulb at the same voltage. This implies that the 60 W bulb has a lower resistance than the 100 W bulb.

When connected in series, the current that flows through the bulbs will be limited by the bulb with higher resistance, which is the 100 W bulb. However, since the 60 W bulb has a lower resistance, it will drop less voltage across it and thus convert more of the available electric power into light, making it brighter than the 100 W bulb. In simpler terms, the brightness depends on how much power (P = I^2 * R) each bulb dissipates, and with a constant current in a series circuit, the bulb with the lower resistance dissipates more power, thus, the 60 W bulb is brighter in the series configuration.

User Planestepper
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