Final answer:
The statement that efferent arterioles lead to a second set of capillaries, known as peritubular capillaries, is true. This is a critical factor in the kidney's function of filtering blood and forming urine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that efferent arterioles conduct blood to a second set of capillaries (peritubular capillaries) that surround the renal tubule is true. The nephron, being the functional unit of the kidney, includes the glomerulus which is a high-pressure capillary bed formed by the afferent arteriole. Blood filtered by the glomerulus then travels via the efferent arteriole to the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta, which surround the renal tubule. This forms a portal system, uniquely characterized by having an arteriole between two capillary networks, where the peritubular capillaries reclaim most of the solutes and water back into the circulation after filtration.