Final answer:
The statement that the collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule is false. The correct sequence in a nephron after the filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule is the loop of Henle then the distal convoluted tubule, followed by the collecting duct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule is false. After filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule, it indeed flows into the loop of Henle and then into the distal convoluted tubule. The nephron's structure, in the correct order, is: Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and finally the collecting duct. The other statements mentioned are true: Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus, the loop of Henle is positioned between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and the loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.