Final answer:
Ethylene oxide is suitable for sterilizing heat-sensitive packaged materials, while moist heat sterilization, such as autoclaving, is most effective for heat-stable items. Radiation sterilization is used for heat-sensitive and packaged materials in laboratories and medical settings.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ethylene oxide is suitable for sterilizing textiles, non-wovens, polyolefin wraps, paper-plastic pouches and rolls, and rigid sterilization containers. It is a gas sterilant that can penetrate heat-sensitive packaged materials and is commonly used for sterilizing medical and laboratory equipment. However, caution must be exercised because ethylene oxide is carcinogenic and explosive.
Dry heat sterilization can be used for some items, but it is not as effective as moist heat sterilization. Moist heat sterilization, such as autoclaving, is typically the most effective method for sterilizing heat-stable items. Autoclaves rely on high temperatures and pressure to kill microorganisms, including endospores.
Radiation sterilization, including ionizing radiation like gamma irradiation, can sterilize heat-sensitive and packaged materials. It is commonly used in laboratories and medical settings to sterilize items such as plastic Petri dishes, gloves, and medical equipment.