Final answer:
Enzyme-based detergents are specially formulated with enzymes like proteases, lipases, α-amylases, and cellulases to break down proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and cellulose found in various stains.
Step-by-step explanation:
Enzyme-based detergents contain organic substances that assist in the breakdown of several substances. Specifically, they are designed to degrade tough stains composed of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and cellulose. Different types of enzymes are used for different types of stains: proteases for proteins, lipases for fats, α-amylases for carbohydrates, and cellulases for cellulose. Given this information, enzyme-based detergents assist in the breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, along with cellulose.