Final answer:
Collection of data and identification of issues are commonly part of a Monitoring program, which balances rigorous scientific methods with the practical needs of sustainability in environments such as developing countries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The collection of data and identification of issues are typically activities associated with a Monitoring program (D). The context given suggests that these tasks are related to tracking biodiversity, resource use, or other ongoing environmental or managerial factors. Monitoring programs are crucial for providing the feedback necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and sustainability of projects, especially in resource-limited settings like developing countries. They balance the need for scientific rigor against the practical realities of long-term program viability. A strong monitoring program can help ensure that management interventions are based on accurate information, allowing managers and stakeholders to make informed decisions.