Final answer:
The condition where the intestinal wall weakens and outpocketing occurs is called diverticulosis, and when these pouches become inflamed, it is known as diverticulitis, which is the correct answer to the question.
Step-by-step explanation:
The weakening of the intestinal wall that results in outpocketing of the wall of the colon is called diverticulosis. If those pouches, known as diverticula, become infected and inflamed, the condition is known as diverticulitis. Symptoms of diverticulitis typically include lower abdominal pain, which may be accompanied by fever, nausea, diarrhea or constipation, and blood in the stool. The condition of having an inflamed appendix is called appendicitis, similarly, the inflammation of the diverticula results in diverticulitis. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is: b) Diverticulitis.