Final answer:
The adaptive immune response does not occur immediately; it's a slower process that is specific to the pathogen and includes a memory component to enhance future responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that does not describe the adaptive immune response is 'it occurs immediately after the body is challenged by foreign material.' Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system takes days to weeks to fully establish.
This immunity is characterized by its specificity and memory. It targets specific pathogens and remembers past exposures to respond more efficiently if reexposed to the same pathogen. The adaptive immune response includes both the cell-mediated response and the humoral immune response, with the latter involving memory cells that reactivate upon subsequent pathogen encounters.