Final answer:
The terrestrial planets with active tectonic activity are Earth and Venus. Earth experiences global plate tectonics while Venus has significant volcanic activity without plate tectonics. Mars shows less activity, and Mercury and the Moon are considered inactive.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the terrestrial planets, Earth and Venus are the most geologically active. Earth is known for its global plate tectonics, driven by mantle convection, which constantly reworks the Earth's surface. Venus, while lacking plate tectonics, displays significant volcanic activity and is reshaped by what is referred to as "blob tectonics"—a process in which hot material from the interior puckers and bursts through the surface.
Mars has shown less geological activity when compared to Earth but it's more active than both Mercury and the Moon. Mercury, similar to the Moon, is considered geologically inactive. Therefore, active tectonic activity is currently present on Earth and Venus to a significant extent, with lesser activity on Mars, and no substantial activity on Mercury and the Moon.
The correct answer to the student's question on which terrestrial planets currently have some type of active tectonic activity is: c) Venus and Earth.