Final answer:
The SAT is the test mentioned that identifies 13-year-olds who are likely to earn doctorates. The Wechsler and Stanford-Binet tests are measures of IQ, but the SAT is typically used for college admissions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Which Test Identifies Gifted 13-Year-Olds?
Among Americans scoring in the top 1% of their age group, the test that at age 13 predicts a high likelihood of earning doctorates is the SAT. This finding is based on a longitudinal study initiated by Lewis Terman in 1921, which focused on children with IQ scores over 135. While intelligence tests like the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales assess a range of cognitive abilities, the SAT is a standardized test commonly used for college admissions and not typically administered at age 13, making it noteworthy for identifying exceptionally young individuals with advanced skills. The research on high IQ individuals has helped dispel the myth that exceptionally intelligent children grow to be maladjusted adults, showing instead that they often become successful and well-educated.