Question

A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer that has metastasized. Which of the following findings indicates the client is developing superior vena cava syndrome?

a) Dyspnea
b) Hypertension
c) Peripheral edema
d) Bradycardia

Answer 1

Dyspnea, or shortness of breath, is an indicator of superior vena cava syndrome, which can occur in lung cancer patients when the superior vena cava is compressed by the tumor.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question asks which finding indicates the client is developing superior vena cava syndrome. This syndrome occurs when the superior vena cava is compressed or obstructed by tumor growth or by thrombosis within the vessel, leading to a range of potential symptoms. Of the options provided (dyspnea, hypertension, peripheral edema, bradycardia), dyspnea, or shortness of breath, is a common indicator of superior vena cava syndrome. This happens because the obstruction of the superior vena cava can lead to increased venous pressure and consequent backflow of blood, which can cause swelling in the upper extremities and face (particularly in the morning), and potentially lead to congestion in the veins and capillaries of the face and upper body, affecting breathing.