Final answer:
During ventricular systole, the AV valves are closed, the atria are relaxed, the ventricles contract to pump blood, and the semilunar valves are open to allow blood ejection.
Step-by-step explanation:
During ventricular systole, several activities occur in the heart's structures:
- a. AV valves: The atrioventricular valves are closed during ventricular systole to prevent backflow of blood into the atria.
- b. Atria: The atria are in atrial diastole, which means they are relaxed at this time, allowing the chambers to be filled with blood.
- c. Ventricles: The ventricles are contracting, pushing blood out of the heart and into the arteries. This part of the cardiac cycle is where the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body.
- d. Semilunar valves: The semilunar valves, consisting of the pulmonary and aortic valves, are open during ventricular systole. This allows blood to be ejected from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and from the left ventricle into the aorta.