Final answer:
The correct statement for x-ray radiation among the given options is 'a. 1 rem = 1 rad', as the RBE for x-rays is 1, making the rem and rad values identical for this type of radiation.
Step-by-step explanation:
For x-ray radiation, the true statement among the given options is: a. 1 rem = 1 rad. This is because the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for x-rays is considered to be 1, making the numerical values of doses in rem and rad identical for x-rays. RBE is a factor used in radiology to compare the biological effectiveness of different types of radiation, taking into account not only the physical dose (measured in rads or grays) but also the biological damage caused by the radiation. It's important to note that 1 gray (Gy) is equivalent to 100 rads, and 1 sievert (Sv) is equivalent to 100 rems.
Therefore, the following relationships apply:
- 1 Gy = 100 rads (1 Gy = 1 J/kg tissue and 1 rad = 0.01 J/kg tissue)
- 1 Sv = 100 rems (Sv = RBE x Gy)
- For x-rays, β particles, and γ rays, since the RBE is 1, the doses in rem and rad are the same: 1 rad of these types of radiation is also 1 rem.