Final answer:
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) allows remote authorized users to securely connect to a server over the internet by encrypting the data being transmitted, providing both privacy and security.
Step-by-step explanation:
The technology that allows remote authorized individuals to connect to a server in a secure fashion using the routing infrastructure provided on a public network, such as the internet, is A. VPN (Virtual Private Network). A VPN creates a secure tunnel between the user's device and the server, encrypting data to ensure that sensitive information is not intercepted by unauthorized parties. It uses various encryption protocols to maintain confidentiality and integrity of data. This allows for the safe transmission of sensitive information across public networks.