Final answer:
Each hair strand has approximately 5 to 10 layers of cuticle scales, with the closest provided option being 5 to 7 layers. The hair matrix contains a layer of basal cells, essential for hair production.
Step-by-step explanation:
Each hair strand typically has about 5 to 10 layers of cuticle scales. However, the options provided do not exactly match this range. The closest option in this case is b) 5 to 7 layers of cuticle scales, though it should be noted that the actual range can extend slightly beyond this.
The hair matrix indeed contains d) a layer of basal cells. These basal cells are responsible for the production of new hair and are found at the base of the hair follicle, where they continuously divide and push upwards to form the hair shaft.