Final answer:
High levels of acid deposition harm both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by acidifying water bodies, killing aquatic life, and damaging forests. It also erodes buildings and cultural monuments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of high levels of acid deposition, commonly known as acid rain, includes damage to both plant and animal life. Acid rain results from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides interacting with water in the atmosphere to form acidic compounds, which then fall back to the Earth. This can lead to the acidification of lakes and streams, contributing to environmental degradation and harming aquatic ecosystems. The acidic water disrupts the pH balance necessary for many aquatic organisms to survive, releases harmful substances like aluminum, and reduces the buffering capacity of the ecosystem.
The damage caused by acid rain doesn't stop at water bodies; it also affects forests and soil organisms. High elevation forests, such as red spruce trees above 2,000 feet, face slower growth and increased injury or death rates due to the harmful effects of acid rain. Moreover, acid rain can accelerate the decay of building materials and artworks, causing loss to our cultural heritage and built environment.