Final answer:
Hemolytic transfusion reactions in the United States are rare, occurring in about one in 2 million transfused units, and are usually due to factors like clerical errors and blood type incompatibilities. Strict hemovigilance and proper matching of ABO and Rh factors are essential for preventing these serious reactions that can have severe health consequences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The incidence of hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) in the United States is relatively low, with HTR-associated deaths occurring in about one per 2 million transfused units. Contributing factors to the occurrence of HTRs include clerical errors, ABO incompatibilities, and Rh factor antigen mismatch. Adequate hemovigilance systems in hospitals and medical centers help in tracking transfusion information and minimizing the risks of such reactions. A type II hypersensitivity reaction can occur if the blood types are incompatible; for example, if a person with type B blood receives a transfusion of type A blood, severe immune reactions leading to hemolysis can ensue, having serious consequences on the patient's health.
Reflection on the implications for the supply of blood for transfusions in the United States suggests that strict adherence to screening procedures is critical for maintaining a safe blood supply and minimizing the risk of HTRs. Continuous improvements in hemovigilance and education for medical personnel are essential for the prevention of these potentially fatal reactions.