Final answer:
In energy metabolism, cells couple oxidation reactions with reduction reactions, known as c)redox reactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
In energy metabolism, cells couple oxidation reactions with reduction reactions, known as redox reactions (Option C). These are critical processes in biological systems, allowing for the transfer of electrons between molecules. The oxidation part of these coupled reactions involves the loss of electrons from a molecule, which is commonly associated with the loss of a hydrogen atom and release of a small amount of energy. Conversely, reduction is the gain of an electron (and often a hydrogen ion) by a molecule, making the molecule more energetically rich.
Oxidation-Reduction in Biological Systems:
In biological systems, such as during cellular respiration and photosynthesis, redox reactions are fundamental in transforming energy from one form to another. Cellular respiration is an example of an exergonic process, which releases energy as ATP is produced from the breakdown of glucose. This process involves a series of redox reactions which are meticulously controlled by the cell to efficiently harness energy.
Anabolism and Catabolism also play a central role in metabolism, representing the building up and breaking down of complex molecules, respectively. Anabolic reactions are endergonic, requiring energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones, while catabolic reactions are exergonic, releasing energy as complex molecules are broken down.